Governing device for explosive-motors.



No. 800,614. PATENTED SEPT. 26, 1905.

J. R. HUBBARD. GOVERNING DEVICE FOR EXFPLOSIVE MOTORS.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 20. 1904.

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UNITED STATES PATENT @EETGE.

GOVERNING DEVICE FOR EXPLOSIVE WIOTORS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 26, 1905.

Application filed June 20,1904. Serial No. 213,248.

lb (Ll-Z whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, JAMES RAYMOND HUB- BARD, a citizen of the UnitedStates, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State ofIllinois, have invented new and useful Improvements in Governing Devicesfor Explosive-Motors, of which the following is a specification,reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a partthereof.

The purpose of this invention is to provide improved means for governingthe action of an explosive-motor by means of controlling the supply ofthe explosive gas.

It consists of the features of construction set out in the claims.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a section axial with respect to thecylinder through the gasinlet and controlling devices which constitutemy invention. Fig. 2 is a detail bottom plan of the portion of thestructure containing the controlling devices. Fig. 3 is a section at thesame plane as Fig. 1 through the controlling devices, having aslightly-modified structure.

I have shown the intake end only or head 1 of the cylinder, on which ismounted the gasinlet valve-body 2, having the gas-inlet valve 3 openinginward with respect to the cylinder for admitting the supply ofexplosive fluid through the inlet-chamber 4:, whose port t" is connectedwith the carbureter. (Not shown.) The inlet-valve 3 has its stem 5extending through the wall of the inlet-chamber at opposite thecylinder-head and connected by lever devices for multiplying motion withan auxiliary piston 6, playing in a vertical auxiliary cylinder '7, thetop of which is provided with a small air-inlet valve 8, which may beadjusted by the operator to permit any desired access of air or to closesaid valve entirely. A spring 9 is provided, tending to hold the piston6 at the upper limit of its play in the cylinder 7, which is at theextreme upper end of the cylinder close against the inner side of thetop cap 7. Said top cap is hinged at one edge, so as to open freelyupward and to seat by gravity, operating thus as a check-valve openingoutward with respect to said auxiliary cylinder. In Fig. 1 I have shownthe preferred arrangement of said auxiliary cylinder and piston withrespect to the axis of the inlet-valve and of the cylinder, whichinvolves the preferred arrangement of the lever connections from saidinlet-valve stem to said auxiliary piston. Said connections comprise ashort lever 10, fulcrumed intermediate 1ts ends on the rlgid supportingparts or framework of the inlet-chamber and auxiliary chamber, which arerigidly connected, the lower end of said lever 10 being pivotallyconnected with the upwardly-extending short arm of the bell-crank lever11, whose arm 12, extending substantially horizontally onward in thedirection of the outthrust of the inlet-valve 8, is connected at itslower end by means of a short link 13 with the lower end ofthe stem ofthe auxiliary piston 6. This connection, it will be observed, causes theinward or opening movement of the inlet-valve 3 to communicate to theauxiliary piston a downward or indrawing movement proportioned to theopening movement of the inlet-valve, as may be determined by theproportions of the lever connections described. As illustrated, thepurpose of the'short lever 10 is merely to reverse the direction ofmotion, and it is pivoted at the middle point, and the upstanding arm ofthe bell-crank lever 11 is substantially one-third of the length of thehorizontal or onwardly-extending arm 12-, so that the movement which thepiston 6 derives from the opening movement of the valve 3 is three timesas great as said movement of said valve. I do not limit myself to thisparticular proportion; but a multiplication of movement is essential tothe action, which may be understood to be as follows: When the pistonmakes its outward stroke for drawing in the gas-supply, the inlet-valve3, being pulled off its seat by the suction, is resisted in such openingmovement to the extent that the resulting movement of the auxiliarypiston 6 produces a partial vacuum above it in its cylinder 7. If therewere no air-inlet, as would be the case if the valve 8 were closed, itwill be seen that the resistance ofiered by the auxiliary piston 6 tothe opening movements of the inlet-valve 3 would be measured by the areaof said auxiliary piston exposed to atmospheric pressure of fifteenpounds to the square inch, because the piston being in contact at itsupper surface with the under surface of the cap or upper end of theauxiliary cylinder 7 the slightest movement of said piston away fromsaid surface would produce a total vacuum above it. The valve 8 beingopen to a slight extent and permitting the entrance of air to acorresponding extent, such vacuum would be pre vented to the extent thatthe air can enter, and if the movement of the auxiliary piston is slowthe air may enter through a very small opening past the valve 8 fastenough to premade:

vent any appreciable vacuum. In practice I have found that if theauxiliary piston has only the same rate of movement as the inletvalvethe slightest opening of the air-inlet valve 8, admitting the leastsupply of air to prevent vacuum, will permit the piston to move and theinlet-valve to open to an extent permitting almost a maximum supply ofgas, and no appreciable effect in the way of control of the extent ofthe gas-inlet opening is obtained; but if the velocity of thewithdrawing movement of the auxiliary piston is very much greater thanthat of the opening movement of the inlet-valve the retarding effect ofa partial vacuum above the piston is obtained upon a very slight openingof the inlet-valve, and it becomes possible, therefore, to regulate theextent of said opening by regulation of the opening of the air-inletvalve 8. The ratio of three to one in the velocity of the auxiliarypiston and inlet-valve is practicalthat is, it is sufficient to givecomplete control of the movement of the gas-inlet valve by means of theair-supply admitted through the air-inlet valve 8.

Since the gas-inlet valve must close promptly and without .retardment byreason of the necessity of forcing out through a restricted aperture theair which may have been drawn in it through such aperture in theretarding opening movement of the gas-inlet valve, I make the top of thecylinder 7 as described for the purpose of operating as a check-valve,so that the air passes out with perfect freedom upon the return movementof the piston, which is caused by the spring 9, which operates by thelever connections described as a spring for seating the inlet-valve 3.

For keeping the auxiliary piston 6 lubricated in its cylinder I providein said cylinder an angular oil-cup formed by the concentric flange la,and I make said auxiliary piston in the form of an inverted cylindricalcup whose cylindrical wall enters said annular oil-chamber and dippingin the oil at each indrawing stroke carries up enough oil for itslubrication.

In the form shown in Fig. 3 one of the levers connecting the gas-inletvalve with the auxiliary piston is dispensed with and said valve-stem isconnected directly to the downwardly-extending short arm of thebell-crank lever 11, whose onwardly -extending longer arm 12 isconnected by the link 13 to the end of the piston-stem. Thisnecessitates erecting the auxiliary cylinder 7 substantially whollyabove the level of the upper side of the gasinlet chamber 4, and therebyunduly extends the structure in this direction, or at least extends itinconveniently for certain purposes, and it is to avoid this undesiredextension that I prefer to employ the structure shown in Fig. 1, whichrequires the short reversinglever 10 in order to employ the bell-cranklever with its short arm extending up instead of down from its fulcrum.I have shown the structure of Fig. 3 merely to make clear the reason forthe preference for the structure shown in Fig. 1.

I claim 1. In an explosive-motor, in combination with the gas-inletvalve, an auxiliary cylinder and piston therein connected with thegasinlet valve, the connections being proportioned for multiplying themovement which the inlet-valve, in opening, transmits to the auxiliarypiston, said auxiliary cylinder having beyond the piston a restrictedair-inlet, and a check-valve opening outward for free outlet.

2. In an explosive-motor, in combination with a gas-inlet valve, anauxiliary vertical cylinder; an auxiliary piston operating therein, andconnections from the gas-inlet valve to said piston for withdrawing itfrom the closed end of its cylinder when the inlet-valve opens, with amovement multiplied over that of the inlet-valve; a spring for upholdingthe auxiliary piston in its cylinder, said cylinder having a restrictedair-inlet above the piston, and a valve for controlling the same atwill, and an outwardly-opening check-valve for permitting free outlet ofair in the return upward movement of the piston.

3. In an explosive-motor, in combination with the gas-inlet valve, agas-inlet chamber; an auxiliary cylinder rigid with said chamber beyondthe same, the gas-inlet valve having its stem extended across saidchamber and protruding through the remote wall thereof, said auxiliarycylinder being erected vertically opposite said remote wall, and beingclosed at the top; an auxiliary piston in said cylinder and leverconnections from the protruding stem of the inlet-valve to said pistoncomprising a lever extending downward from the end of the piston,fulcrumed between its ends; a bell-crank leverhaving an upstanding shortarm connected to the lower end of said first-mentioned lever, and anonwardlyextending long arm connected with the stem of the auxiliarypiston; a cap which closes at the upper end of the cylinder, hinged atone side to operate as a check-valve opening upward; a restrictedair-inlet for the cylinder through said cap; a valve for controllingsaidinlet, and a spring operating on said connected gas-inlet valve andauxiliary piston for seating the gas-inlet valve.

4. In an explosive-motor, in combination with the gas-inlet valve andgas-inlet chamber, an auxiliary cylinder erected vertically beyond thegas-inlet chamber and closed at the top; an auxiliary piston in saidauxiliary cylinder; lever connections from the inlet-valve stem to saidpiston comprising a bell-crank lever having a longer and a shorter arm,the longer arm being connected to the piston-stem, and a lever fulcrumedintermediate its ends connected at one end with the shorter arm of thebell-crank lever, and at the other end check-valve; a spring whichyieldingly resists the withdrawal of the piston downward 5 in saidcylinder, and motion -multiplying lever connections from thegas-inlet-valve stem to the piston-stem.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand, in thepresence of twowitnesses, this 20 15th day of J une, 1904:.

J. RAYMOND HUBBARD.

In presence of FRED. G. FIscHER, M. GERTRUDE ADY.

